As of 2025, Utah has updated its Controlled Substances Act with a significant change that impacts residents, healthcare providers, and legal professionals alike. Two substances—Phenibut and Tianeptine—have been classified as Schedule 1 drugs, placing them in the same category as some of the most tightly controlled substances in the state. This change, enacted through recent legislation, aims to address growing concerns about the misuse and potential dangers of these compounds. Here’s what you need to know about this new law and its implications.

What Are Schedule 1 Drugs in Utah?

Under the Utah Controlled Substances Act, Schedule 1 drugs are substances deemed to have a high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use in the United States. These drugs are heavily regulated, and possession, distribution, or manufacture can lead to severe legal consequences, including felony charges. Common examples of Schedule 1 drugs include heroin, LSD, and now, Phenibut and Tianeptine.

Phenibut and Tianeptine: What Are They?

The 2025 update to Utah’s drug laws specifically adds Phenibut and Tianeptine to the Schedule 1 list, as outlined in the following excerpt from the legislation:

• Phenibut (listed under multiple chemical names such as (AAA) Phenibut, (AAA)(BBB) Phenomorphan, and others): Often marketed as a dietary supplement, Phenibut is a central nervous system depressant used by some to reduce anxiety, improve sleep, or enhance cognitive function. However, it carries risks of dependency, withdrawal, and overdose, especially when misused.
• Tianeptine (listed as (KKK) Tianeptine): Sometimes referred to as “gas station heroin,” Tianeptine is an antidepressant not approved for use in the U.S. but has been sold in some stores as a supplement. It has opioid-like effects, leading to a high risk of abuse, addiction, and severe withdrawal symptoms.

The full list of chemical classifications for these substances, as provided in the legislation, includes various derivatives and isomers to ensure comprehensive regulation. For example, Phenibut’s listing includes “(N-3-methyl-1-(2-phenylethyl)-4-piperidyl)-N-phenylpropanamide,” while Tianeptine’s includes “(KKK)(MMM) Trimeperidine.” This detailed categorization ensures that all forms of these drugs are covered under the new law.

Why Were These Drugs Added to Schedule 1?

The decision to classify Phenibut and Tianeptine as Schedule 1 drugs stems from growing public health concerns. Both substances have been linked to increasing rates of abuse and adverse health effects across the U.S. In Utah, lawmakers likely acted to curb their availability due to:

• Lack of FDA Approval: Neither Phenibut nor Tianeptine is approved for medical use in the U.S., yet they’ve been accessible in some retail settings, often marketed misleadingly as safe supplements.
• Risk of Abuse: Both drugs have psychoactive effects that can lead to dependency. Tianeptine, in particular, has been associated with opioid-like withdrawal symptoms, earning it a reputation as a dangerous alternative to prescription opioids.
• Public Safety: By classifying these as Schedule 1, Utah aims to reduce overdoses, addiction, and related criminal activity, such as illegal distribution.

What Does This Mean for Utah Residents?

The addition of Phenibut and Tianeptine to Schedule 1 has immediate implications for Utahns:

1. Possession Is Now Illegal: As Schedule 1 drugs, possessing Phenibut or Tianeptine without a valid prescription (which isn’t possible since they have no accepted medical use) can result in criminal charges. Penalties may include fines, jail time, or felony convictions, depending on the quantity and intent (e.g., distribution).
2. Retail Sales Are Banned: Stores, including gas stations and online retailers, can no longer legally sell products containing these substances in Utah. If you’ve purchased these in the past, it’s time to dispose of them safely to avoid legal trouble.
3. Healthcare Providers and Pharmacies: Doctors and pharmacists in Utah should be aware that prescribing or dispensing these substances is now prohibited. Patients who have used these drugs for off-label purposes should consult their healthcare provider for safer alternatives.
4. Legal Consequences: If you’re facing charges related to Phenibut or Tianeptine, you’ll need a skilled criminal defense attorney to navigate the new legal landscape. The law is strict, but defenses may be available depending on your circumstances.

How to Stay Compliant and Safe

To avoid legal issues and protect your health, here are some steps you can take:

• Check Your Supplements: If you use nootropic or anti-anxiety supplements, double-check the ingredients for Phenibut or Tianeptine. Discontinue use immediately if they’re present.
• Dispose of These Substances: Safely dispose of any products containing Phenibut or Tianeptine. Many pharmacies and law enforcement agencies offer drug take-back programs.
• Consult a Professional: If you’ve been using these substances for medical reasons, speak with a doctor about alternative treatments. Abruptly stopping these drugs can lead to withdrawal symptoms, so medical supervision may be necessary.
• Know Your Rights: If you’re facing charges related to these substances, contact a criminal defense attorney. In Utah, attorneys like Jake Gunter at Provo Criminal Defense can provide guidance and help protect your rights.

Why This Matters for Utah’s Legal Landscape

This change in the Controlled Substances Act reflects Utah’s broader efforts to balance public safety with individual rights. Interestingly, 2025 has also seen firearm-friendly reforms, such as HB0195, which protects gun owners in plea in abeyance agreements (a topic we’ve covered in a separate article). While the state is cracking down on dangerous substances like Phenibut and Tianeptine, it’s also taking steps to ensure lawful gun owners aren’t unfairly penalized in legal proceedings. This dual approach highlights Utah’s commitment to addressing public health while preserving constitutional protections.

FAQs About Phenibut and Tianeptine in Utah

Q: Can I still buy Phenibut or Tianeptine online?
No. As Schedule 1 drugs, they are illegal to sell, purchase, or possess in Utah, regardless of the source.

Q: What if I didn’t know these were illegal?
Ignorance of the law is not typically a defense, but a criminal defense attorney may be able to argue mitigating circumstances on your behalf.

Q: Are there any exceptions for medical use?
No. Schedule 1 drugs, by definition, have no accepted medical use in the U.S., so there are no exceptions for Phenibut or Tianeptine.

Q: What should I do if I’m charged with possession?
Contact a criminal defense attorney immediately. Firms like Provo Criminal Defense offer free consultations and can help you navigate the charges.

Conclusion: Stay Informed, Stay Safe

Utah’s decision to classify Phenibut and Tianeptine as Schedule 1 drugs in 2025 is a significant step toward addressing the risks these substances pose. While this law aims to protect public health, it also means residents need to be proactive in ensuring compliance. Whether you’re a supplement user, a healthcare provider, or someone facing related charges, understanding this new law is crucial.

If you have questions or need legal assistance, don’t hesitate to reach out to a professional. At Provo Criminal Defense, Jake Gunter and his team are here to help you navigate Utah’s evolving legal landscape. Contact us today for a free consultation.

📞 Call us now to protect your rights and get the guidance you need.

Learn More About Criminal Defense Lawyer Jake Gunter

For additional insights on Criminal Defense Law and to get to know Jake Gunter better, check out these helpful videos:

• Meet Jake Gunter – Learn more about Jake Gunter’s background, experience, and dedication to helping clients throughout Utah.
• How to Choose a Utah Personal Injury Attorney – This video offers guidance on selecting the right personal injury attorney to ensure you receive effective representation.
• What Jake Gunter Does and Who He Represents – Discover the types of cases Jake Gunter handles and how he advocates for the rights of injured individuals statewide.

These resources will provide you with valuable information as you consider your legal options. For any questions or to schedule a free consultation, feel free to reach out to us directly.